Gallipoli Battlefields, Turkey

The World War I battle for control of the Dardanelles (Hellespont) strait was fought mainly on Turkey's Gallipoli peninsula, with appalling casualties. Around 100,000 were killed and 400,000 wounded during the nine-month campaign (1915-1916).
You can visit the battlefields on an excursion from Istanbul by car or bus, even in one day on your own, or with a tour organized by Backpackers Travel.
Another way is on a six-day self-drive tour from Istanbul via the Dardanelles, Gallipoli, Çanakkale, Troy, Bergama (Pergamum), Ephesus and Kusadasi. (More...)
Invading armies and navies have coveted the strategic Dardanelles strait since the days of the Trojans because it controls sea traffic between the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, and the Aegean/Mediterranean. At only 1.2 km wide at its narrowest point (Kilitbahir), and over 100 meters deep, it's also the key to Istanbul: warships could conquer the city if they could get through the Dardanelles.
The British navy wanted very much to get its battleships through the Dardanelles and attack Constantinople to knock the Ottoman Empire, an ally of the Central Powers, out of the war.
Ottoman forces, some of whom were commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk) knew that if they did, it might mean the conquest of their country.
Today, the Gallipoli battlefields are silent, preserved as a national park strewn with marble and bronze monuments, among the most emotionally touching places to visit in Turkey.
You can visit the Gallipoli battlefields and nearby Troy from Istanbul on an excursion by bus or by car.
Several companies run tours of the battlefields, with knowledgeable guides. If you don't have your own car, it's best to take a tour because the battlefields are spread out.
You could hike around here for a day and see a lot, but with a tour you get to see it all, enjoy a leisurely lunch, and take a swim as well! Bicycle would be a good way to tour, but no place rents decent bikes, as far as I know.
The best base for visits to Gallipoli, the Dardanelles and Troy is the town of Çanakkale, on the Dardanelles' southern shore. Eceabat, on the northern shore, is closer, but has fewer accommodations.
The nearest major airport is Istanbul, although Çanakkale has a small airfield to which charter "taxi flights" can be arranged from Istanbul.
If you plan to attend the annual Anzac Day commemorations (April 24th & 25th), plan and reserve well in advance!


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